高中英语完形填空技巧和方法

一、 对全国·各地·高考·完形填空·完全解析 （1）

 

高考题是我们老师和同学的行动指南，好比在浩瀚的大海行进中的航船离不开的指示灯，只有真正领悟高考题才能发现很多的技巧和方法，因为完形填空的设置是中国人而不是外国人，他们是在一定的语言环境下来挖空的，按照一定的法则和规律来设题的。所以我们首先应该了解和充分分析高考题。

 

 (  04年福建卷 )

一个游客丢失了几卷已拍摄好了的胶卷，本也没有什么大不了的。可这里的服务员就不这么看了，他们的服务又会怎样呢？请看——

 

Not too long ago, an incident that happened at Walt Disney touched me greatly. A guest __1__ out of our Polynesian Village resort(度假胜地)at Walt Disney was asked how she __2__ her visit. She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) __3__ vacation, but was heartbroken about __4__ several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet __5__. At that moment she was particularly __6__ over the loss of the pictures she had shot at our Polynesian Luau, __7__ this was a memory she especially treasured.

1．A．working      B．checking      C．trying        D．staying

2．A．expected     B．realized      C．paid           D．enjoyed

3．A．disappointing B．wonderful   C．uncomfortable D．important

4．A．taking        B．dropping    C．losing        D．breaking

5．A．developed     B．taken       C．washed         D．loaded

6．A．silly         B．nervous      C．calm           D．sad

7．A．when          B．where          C．as             D．which

 

题号	答案	考查内容解题依据	解题分析
1	B	词义比较固定搭配前后照应	一个游客付帐离开旅馆时被询问情况。work out算出(总数)，算出总数，有预期的结果；check out付帐离开旅馆; try out试验, 考验, 提炼；stay out不在家, 外出, 呆在户外, 坚持到……结束。
2	D	词义比较逻辑推理	被问到她对参观满意(enjoy)与否。expect one’s visit期待/盼望参观； realize one’s visit认识到参观；pay one’s visit访问，参观；enjoy one’s visit享受参观的乐趣，满意。
3	B	前后照应词义比较逻辑推理	她告诉说她度过了一个愉快的(wonderful)，而不是失望的(disappointing)，不舒适的(uncomfortable)，重要的(important)假期。注意后句中的but的转折意义。
4	C	词义比较逻辑推理常识运用	但是客人伤心她丢失了(losing)好几卷科达彩色胶卷。take拿走, 取通常表示有意行为；drop落下，下降，通常表示有意行为；lose遗失, 浪费，表示无意行为；break破裂，打破, 违犯，通常表示有意行为。
5	A	常识运用词义比较逻辑推理	客人装(load)在相机拍摄(take)好了却尚未冲洗(develop)的胶卷给丢失了。develop显影；冲洗，通常指胶片等的冲洗；take拿，取，拍摄；wash洗涤, 冲洗，通常指衣物等物件的清洗；load装载, 装填。
6	D	词义比较逻辑推理常识运用	客人对在该度假胜地拍摄的照片的失去肯定感到自己很蠢(silly)，紧张不安(nervous)，而特别地伤心(sad)，不可能还镇定沉着(calm)。silly愚蠢的, 无聊的；nervous紧张的, 不安的；calm镇静的, 沉着的；sad忧愁的, 悲哀的。
7	C	语句连贯	因为(as)客人把这次游览她特别珍惜的记忆。说明客人伤心的原因。

 

Now, please understand that we have no written service rules __8__ lost photos in the park. __9__, the clerk at the front desk __10__  Disney’s idea of caring for our __11__. She asked the woman to leave her a couple rolls of __12__ film, promising she would take care of the rest of our show at Polynesian Luau.

 

8．A．covering    B．finding     C．making         D．keeping

9．A．Excitedly   B．Fortunately  C．Therefore      D．Quietly

10．A．understood B．reminded    C．trusted      D．discovered

11．A．workers    B．guests     C．managers       D．clerks

12．A．printed    B．shot       C．unused         D．recorded

 

题号	答案	考查内容解题依据	解题分析
8	A	词义比较常识运用	很清楚公园没有书面制定包含游客在公园里丢失照片在内的事情提供服务的规则．cover包括, 包含, 适用；find发现，找到； make制造，进行；keep保持，保存。
9	B	前后照应逻辑推理词义比较	客人很幸运(fortunately)，得到了良好的服务。比较文章后文的内容。excitedly兴奋地；fortunately幸运地；therefore 因此, 所以；quietly平静地, 静静地, 寂静地。
10	A	词义比较逻辑推理	前台服务员懂得(understand)应该对游客关心爱护的迪尼斯服务理念。understand懂得，了解，表示状态意义；remind提醒, 使想起；trust 信任, 信赖；discover 发现, 发觉。
11	B	前后照应常识运用	旅游地应该关心照顾游客(guests)，而非其它工人(workers)，经理(managers)，职员(clerks)。
12	C	词义比较逻辑推理	她要游客留下一两卷未用过的(unused)胶卷以拍摄表演的其它内容，而不是印刷好的(printed)，拍摄好的(shot)，记录好的(recorded)胶卷，并向她保证照顾好其它的表演内容。

 

Two weeks later the guest received a __13__ at her home. In it were photos of all the actors of our show, __14__ signed by each performer. There were also __15__ of the public procession (游行队伍) and fireworks in the park, taken by the front-desk clerk in her own __16__ after work. I happened to know this __17__ because this guest wrote us a letter. She said that __18__ in her life had she received such good service from any business.

13．A．film       B．card         C．camera         D．packet

14．A．frequently B．personally     C．alone       D．actually

15．A．rules      B．pictures   C．handbooks   D．performances

16．A．case       B．work        C．time          D．position

17．A．story      B．place          C．photo          D．show

18．A．only       B．almost       C．never        D．nearly

 

题号	答案	考查内容解题依据	解题分析
13	D	常识运用逻辑推理	两周后，该游客收到了一个装有胶卷(film)，也许还有名片(card)，照相机(camera)的包裹(packet)。
14	B	常识运用逻辑推理词义比较	包裹里是我们表演的演员的照片，并有每一个表演者的亲笔(personally)签名，而非他们的经常的(frequently)，唯一的(alone)，实际的签名。frequently常常, 频繁地；personally亲自；alone；actually实际上, 事实上。
15	B	逻辑推理常识运用	同时还有公园里游行队伍和燃放烟花爆竹表演(performances)的照片(pictures)，而不应该是规则(rules)，手册(handbooks)。
16	C	逻辑推理词义比较	这些照片自然是那前台服务员下班(work)后利用自己的休息时间(time)拍摄的。case和position与文意不符。
17	A	前后照应逻辑推理	作者我碰巧知晓了包括照片(photo)，这个公园地点(place)和那个表演(show)在内的整个的事情(story)。
18	C	逻辑推理语法规则	她说在她一生中，从来没有(never)从任何事情中得到过这样好的服务。注意句子中的倒装结构，可以排除almost和nearly。only与文意不符。

 

Excellent __19__ does not come from policy (政策性的)handbooks. It comes from people who __20__ —and from a culture that encourages and models that attitude.

19．A．advice   B．experience     C．quality        D．service

20．A．care       B．serve          C．like           D．know

 

题号	答案	考查内容解题依据	解题分析
19	D	逻辑推理常识运用前后照应	综合全文，也许有好的建议(advice)，好的经验(experience)和好的质量(quality)，但良好的服务(service)不是来自于政策性的手册上的规定。
20	A	词义辨析逻辑推理前后照应	良好的服务来自于那些会关心，会护理(care)的有心人，来自于对那种姿态给予鼓励和学习的文化、素养。care注意，照料, 关心, 护理；serve服务，招待；like喜欢，爱好；know知道，了解。

 

二、 我们让同学们了解了高考题的特点和基本方法后，应该循序渐进的进行“完形填空方法”的单句或某一段的挖空训练    （红色选项为答案）

 

一、语法

This autumn was the wettest since records began in the U.K. Floods _______ large parts of the country.

二、语法 + 常识

More and more factories pump CD₂ into the air , and atmosphere across the world _______.

三、四个答案对比

In Australia folds have covered an area the _______ of the whole of the Britain .

四、翻译:

◆The village of Yaluma __1__ in the mountains of Chipas , a province of Southern Mexica, __2__ people are many Indians.

1. A. lies     B, place    C. lays    D. soon

2. A. Their   B. It’s     C, Its     D. Its’

★Rock stars’ admirers (崇拜者)who love rock music ____1____ about billion dollars a year for records. They pay 150 million to ____2___ rock stars in person (亲自).

1. A. take      B. cost       C. waste    D. spend

五、连接词

★They are some of the poorest people in a poverty stricken country. ____ now they have an extra source of income (收入).

A. But     B. And    C. However    D. Therefore

★Rock stars’ admirers (崇拜者)who love rock music spend about billion dollars a year for records. MR. In 1956, Mclean , ___1___ wrote and sang “American Pie” , ___2___ he earns an additional two cents on every single ___3___ of the song.

1. A. who           B, he          C. that             D. as

2. A. and           B, but         C. so               D. yet

3. A, copy          B, record   C. singing      D. performance

★Many rock stars __1__ like Grace slick and Jefferson. Those performers return from a tour, pay their bells, and buy new toys. __2__ when they need money again , they do another tour. They save __3__ money and live from hand to mouth.

1. A. play      B. live         C. perform      D. behave

2. A. But       B. Then         C. And          D, So

3. A. no        B. much         C. some         D. plenty

★English people seem very quiet ______ reserved (缄默的), usually.

A. though        B, and          C, even         D. but

★It was just getting dark; there was a touch of fog and I was on a lonely stretch of road. _____ I was going along cheerfully.

A. But       B, And          C, Otherwise        D, Yet

One evening Jackie was on his way home from the railway station. When he turned round a ___1____ he heard footsteps behind him and he thought ___2____ was coming near. He began to walk ____3___. The footsteps became faster, too. He slowed down. The footsteps also ____4____ down.

!. A. corner    B. park          C. street   D. way       

2. A. no one  B. someone   C. anyone  D. everyone

3. A. slowly    B, more slowly   C, fast   D, faster    

六、词组与翻译

★In 1990 , leader of all big nations met in Japan and agreed to reduce ___1____ CD₂ they put into the atmosphere. Ten years ____2____, in Nov. 2000, they met again in Holland to assess ( 评估 ) the situation and decided what to do next.

1, A. many       B. a number of     C. the amount of   D. a good many

2. A. after       B. late      C. later           D. soon

★……. But I was going along cheerfully, thinking about the dinner I would eat when I ___36___ to Salisbury.

七、比较四个答案,翻译文章

Projects (工程)____1___ this go over under the name of “ Carbon Trading”. The basic ___2___ is that governments and companies can buy the _____3___ to pump CD₂ into the air by investing ( 投资 ) in green _____4____ that6 takes it out again.

1. A. as        B. like      C. the same as    D. except

2. A. fact      B. meanings    C. idea         D. things

3. A. forests   B. projects   C. right         D. debt

八、前提示

★Young people are spending unbelievable sums of money to listen to rock music. At least fifty _______ stars have incomes between two million and six million dollars per year.

A. film     B. rock    C. jazz    D. movie

★Neil Young who performs ____1___ torn blue jeans, sometimes sings to an audience of 10,000,each of whom has paid five dollars for a ticket. ____2____ paying expenses, Young leaves with about $18,000 in his blue ____3____ at the end of an evening.

1. A. in        B. with      C. for              D. on

2. A. Before      B. Beside     C. After         D. Except

九、抓住主要信息词(本文的主体---核心) ,比较四个答案,最后排除不可能的选项.

“It doesn’t _____1____,” said one of the older music millionaires, who made a million dollars a year when he was popular , in the 1950s. “performers aren’t worth this kind of money. In fact, ___2___is.”

A. make efforts    B. make progress      C. make sense           D. make money

十、形容词的选择（并列连词的作用）

★If we make a noise on the bus they look ______ and uncomfortable .

A. untouched     B. worried      C, moved     D. excited

★Hellen was an old teacher with a warm smile and _________eyes.

十一、后暗示

In this __1__, professors always take every opportunity to push textbooks aside and expose students to real ___2__.

A. classroom    B. means     C. university     D. hall

A. facts        B. lessons  C. adventures   D. experiences

     He was sure that he was being followed. He tried to hide, _6_ the steps followed him. He didn’t know _7_ to save himself

6.  A. Still     B. Sometimes   C. Often     D. Seldom

7.  A. when      B. where       C. why       D. how